Sunday, August 23, 2020
How to Calculate Acceleration The 3 Formulas You Need
Instructions to Calculate Acceleration The 3 Formulas You Need SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Hold up, you truly went from zero to sixty there! Have you at any point heard somebody utilize the figure of speech zero to sixty as I did in the above model? At the point when somebody says something went from zero to sixty, theyââ¬â¢re truly expressing that things quickened rapidly. Quickening is the sum by which the speed of something changes over a set timeframe. In this article, weââ¬â¢ll be speaking about quickening: what it is and how to figure it. Lock in! What Is Acceleration? Quickening is the pace of progress of speed over a set timeframe. You have to have both speed and time to ascertain increasing speed. Numerous individuals mistake increasing speed for speed (or speed). As a matter of first importance, speed is essentially speed with a heading, so the two are frequently utilized conversely, despite the fact that they have slight contrasts. Speeding up is the pace of progress of speed, which means something is getting quicker or more slow. What Is the Acceleration Formula? You can utilize the quickening condition to figure speeding up. Here is the most widely recognized quickening equation: $$a = {îv}/{ît}$$ where $îv$ is the adjustment in speed and $ît$ is the adjustment in time. You can likewise compose the quickening condition this way: $$a = {v(f) - v(i)}/{t(f) - t(i)}$$ In this increasing speed condition, $v(f)$ is the last speed while is the $v(i)$ beginning speed. $T(f)$ is the last time and $t(i)$ is the underlying time. Some different things to remember when utilizing the increasing speed condition: You have to take away the underlying speed from the last speed. On the off chance that you turn around them, you will get the heading of your increasing speed wrong. In the event that you donââ¬â¢t make some beginning memories, you can utilize ââ¬Å"0â⬠. On the off chance that the last speed is not exactly the underlying speed, the increasing speed will be negative, implying that the item eased back down. Presently letââ¬â¢s breakdown the speeding up condition bit by bit in a genuine model. Instructions to Calculate Acceleration: Step-by-Step Breakdown Presently weââ¬â¢ll breakdown the speeding up recipe bit by bit utilizing a genuine model. A race vehicle quickens from 15 m/s to 35 m/s in 3 seconds. What is its normal quickening? To start with, compose the speeding up condition. $$a = {v(f) - v(i)}/{t(f) - t(i)}$$ Next, characterize your factors. $a$ = what we are fathoming for $$V(f) = 35 m/s$$ $$V(i) = 15 m/s$$ $$T(f) = 3 s$$ $$T(i) = 0 s$$ Presently, plug your factors into the condition and fathom: $$A = {{(35 - 15)m}/{s}/{(3 - 0)s}$$ $$A = {(35 - 15)}/{(3 - 0)} m/s^2$$ $$A = {20/3} m/s^2$$ $$A = 6.66 m/s^2$$ Letââ¬â¢s attempt another model. A cyclist going at 23.2 m/s arrives at a stand-still in 1.5 $s$. What was her deceleration? In the first place, compose the increasing speed condition. $$a = (v(f) - v(i)) à · (t(f) - t(i))$$ Next, characterize your factors. a = what we are tackling for $$V(f) = 0 m/s$$ $$V(i) = 23.2 m/s$$ $$T(f) = 1.4 s$$ $$T(i) = 0 s$$ Presently, plug your factors into the condition and settle: $$A ={{(0 - 23.2)m}/s}/{(1.4 - 0)s}$$ $$A = {0 - 23.2}/{1.4 - 0} m/s^2$$ $$A = - 23.2/1.4 m/s^2$$ $$A = - 16.57 m/{s^2}$$ 2 Other Common Acceleration Formulas Thinking about how to ascertain increasing speed utilizing an alternate recipe? There are a few other normal quickening equations. Precise Acceleration Formula Precise speeding up is the rate at which the rakish increasing speed of a pivoting object changes regarding time. Here is the precise increasing speed condition: $$a = {change in angular velocity}/{change in ime}$$ Centripetal Acceleration Formula Centripetal speeding up is the pace of movement of an item inwards towards the focal point of a circle. Here is the centripetal speeding up condition: $$a(c) = {v^2}/r$$ $a(c) $= speeding up, centripetal $v$ = speed $r$ = span Key Takeaways Speeding up is the pace of progress of speed over a set timeframe. You ascertain increasing speed by isolating the adjustment in speed by the adjustment in time. What's Next? It is safe to say that you are considering mists in your science class? Get help distinguishing the various kinds of cloudswith our master manage. Taking a shot at an exploration paper yet aren't sure where to start?Then look at our guide, where we've gathered huge amounts of excellent research themes you can use for nothing. Need assistance with English class-explicitly with recognizing abstract gadgets in writings you read? At that point you'll unquestionably need to investigate our far reaching clarification of the most significant abstract gadgets and how they're utilized.
Friday, August 21, 2020
Company Background History Of Honda Motors
Organization Background History Of Honda Motors Honda Motor Co., Ltd, Japanese Multinational Corporation, known as a producer of Automobiles and Motorcycles, was found on 24th September 1948 by Mr. Soichiro Honda and Mr. Takeo Fujisawa. Honda in Japanese strict importance is root field or cause field. Mr. Soichiro functioned as a specialist at Japanese tuning shop, Art Shokai, since in his young age. At that point in a self-educated specialist, he structured his first drafts of cylinder plan and offered to Toyota, however it was dismissed. As a result of deficiency of gas during World War II, he couldn't create in delivering the vehicle. After that he built up The Honda Technical Research Institution in Japan of little motor for 2 bikes. What's more, his first bike was Honda Cub; first vehicle was T360 smaller than normal get truck. Items BRAND Car Hondas worldwide lineup comprises of the Fit, Civic, Accord, Insight, CR-V, and Odyssey. An early defender of creating vehicles to take into account various needs and markets around the world, Hondas lineup fluctuates by nation and may highlight vehicles restrictive to that area. Also, Honda entered Formula One as a constructor without precedent for the 1964 season at the German Grand Prix with Ronnie Bucknum in the driver's seat. Some of Honda vehicle models are 2000-2006 Honda Insight (53 mpg-US/4.4 L/100 km; 64 mpg-devil joined), 1986-1987 Honda Civic Coupe HF (46 mpg-US/5.1 L/100 km; 55 mpg-pixie consolidated), 1994-1995 Honda Civic hatchback VX (43 mpg-US/5.5 L/100 km; 52 mpg-demon mpg consolidated), 2006-Honda Civic Hybrid (42 mpg-US/5.6 L/100 km; 50 mpg-devil consolidated), and 2010-Honda Insight (41 mpg-US/5.7 L/100 km; 49 mpg-devil consolidated). Cruisers Being the biggest cruiser producer in Japan, Honda began its creation in 1955. Honda arrived at its top in 1892 for assembling right around 3 million bikes every year. By 2006 this figure had diminished to around 550,000 however was as yet higher than its three local rivals. Honda additionally showed up in the Motorsports called Honda Racing Corporation (HRC) in 1982. The organization joins investment in cruiser races all through the world with the improvement of high potential hustling machines. Its dashing exercises are a significant hotspot for the making of driving edge advances utilized in the improvement of Honda cruisers. HRC additionally adds to the headway of bike sports through a scope of exercises that incorporate deals of creation hustling bikes, support for satellite groups, and rider instruction programs. Some of Honda Motorcycles Models are Honda CD 70, CD 100, and CG 125. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda). Force item Engine The organization turned over motor creation in 1953 with H-type. Honda power supplies arrived at record deals in 2007 with 6,4 million units. Its quality finishes line of generators for business and buyer applications. All Honda Generators meet or surpass EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) emanation measures. Some of Power Equipments are EU1000iA, EU2000iA Camo, and EU6500iSA. Honda is likewise the universes biggest producer of motors and has gained notoriety for incredible quality, execution and unwavering quality. The reason motors are intended to satisfy or surpass the needs of the clients through cutting edge motor innovation, quality parts and best in class producing offices all through the world. Honda Engine Products are GC160, GCV160, iGX340, and iGX440. Robots ASIMO is a robot created under Hondas Research Development apply autonomy program. It is the eleventh in a line of progressive forms beginning in 1986 with Honda E0 traveling through the resulting Honda E arrangement and the Honda P arrangement. Honda has likewise spearheaded new innovation in its HA-420 HondaJet that permits new degrees of diminished drag, expanded optimal design and eco-friendliness therefore decreasing working expenses. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda). SWOT TABLE Qualities à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ High and amazing innovative work RD à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Innovation à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Best piece of the pie administration à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Strong and amazing brand value à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Different and exceptional items à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ One significant quality is the progressive motor innovation with the assistance of which Honda is picking up progress step by step à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Popularity is named as a standout amongst other quality which brings about improvement for the organization Shortcomings à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Cost structure of Honda is high as contrast with other vehicle makers à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Apart from Nissan Toyota, Honda requires advantaged buy store à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Honda center more around universal stores as contrast with household stores à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Civic model is consider as one of the significant soft spot for Honda Company à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Honda items are named as tame as far as style and plan à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Prices for non-extravagance vehicles are far high as contrast with different makers à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ In truck line, Honda Company isn't offering solid items and proposition Openings à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Honda has the best chance to utilize its RD in delivering vehicles as indicated by the requirements and requests of their client. This is just conceivable due to the expansion sought after for less contamination vehicles. à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Emerging business sector is outstanding amongst other open door for this organization à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Various models are there which cooks the lower fragment à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Fuel effectiveness is presently a days named as outstanding amongst other open door which can brings about the best efficiency for the organization à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Alliances are the best open doors for Honda Company à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Honda can expand its creation by concentrating on deals and research à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ They can acquire prevalence by improving innovative work Dangers à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ One of the significant danger is the monetary log jam à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ All the outer changes for example burdens, legislative issues just as government are the significant dangers for Honda Company à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Another danger is the lower cost contenders à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Price war is additionally consider as a significant danger for this organization à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Oil pricesare contributing a ton towards the loss of Honda organization à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Second movers are the significant danger for Honda organization à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢ ¢ Substitute items are the significant dangers for the Honda organization Business SUBSIDIARIES Business of Honda Motor Co., Ltd are Automobiles, Motorcycles, Financial Service and Power items. As per financial report in 2006, around the globe this organization utilized 144,785 representatives. 28,783 representatives worked in Motorcycle Business field. 105, 623 representatives worked in Automobile Business field. 1,921 representatives worked in Financial Service Business field. What's more, 8,458 representatives worked in Power Product and Others Business field. Its administrative center is situated in Tokyo, Japan. It contains numerous auxiliaries around the globe, for example, Europe (UK, Spain, Germany, Bdellium, France and Italy), Asia (Japan, China, Taiwan, Thai, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, India Pakistan, and Philippine), North Africa (USA, Canada, and Mexico) and others (Brazil, Turkey, Australia, and New Zealand). Because of net deal report in 2007, consistently pay of Honda in Europe is 1,236,757 million yen, 5,980,876 million yen in North Africa, 2,964,344 million yen in Asia, and 905,163 million yen in others. Deal report diagram in 2007 classification by district: Contender There are numerous contender of the organization. Car: Mitsubishi Motors, Nissan, Auto deal (Chevrolet), Camko Motor (Hyundai), Lexus, Mercedes, Toyota, Kia Motors and RM Asia (Ford). Cruiser: Yamaha and Suzuki. III. Organization STUCTURE STAFF MOTIVATION Honda inspiration framework give as beneath: + Training course for explicit expertise to abroad: staffs need to work for the organization in any event multi year in the wake of returning + Annual expanding compensation: assessment staff (A= 15%, B= 10%, C=5% of their present pay) +Annual reward: assessment staff (A= 100%, B= 85%, C=75% of their present compensation) + Insurances: medical coverage and disaster protection + Disability: non segregation + Paid downtime (Overtime paid) + Retirement plan + Provide partner and their families IV. The board STUCTURE Honda is global organization. It incorporates itself into numerous piece of the World in a wide range of types of the executives to adjust to the genuine condition. This adaptable administration style permits Honda to increase extraordinary advantages from their speculation. Besides, through this arrangement of glocalization, Honda is as yet a solid organization among its rivals. V. Monetary STATUS Monetary report Honda Motor Co., Ltd., and Subsidiaries A long time finished March 31 2009 (http://khuram.synthasite.com)
Wednesday, July 8, 2020
Discerning Racial Color Ruths Role in The Color of Water - Literature Essay Samples
In The Color of Water, Ruth, a Caucasian young woman, gravitates toward Black men because of the rejection, lack of love, paternal neglect, and sexual abuse she encountered at the hands of her own father, and because of the first love of her life Peter, was a black man. Fishel Shilsky, Ruths father, repels his daughter by fear which he instills in her and her siblings. Fear erects barriers to the relationship. Because of fear, self-expression is inhibited and feelings of love and affection are withheld. Shilsky, a Jewish rabbi, is a rigid, pedantic, martinet who inspires terror in Ruth because he quickly gets infuriated at her blunders. She dreads the constant drill to memorize passages of scripture. She must endure the scolding that makes you feel worse than the hitting(62) and statements like youre stupid., youre nothing but a fool, a sinner (62). Ruth cowers for he put the fear of God in her(80). She is afraid of Tateh and has no love for him at all (42). The domineering attitude, the totalitarian, despotic control over his own wife and children and the utter disregard for their feelings alienate Ruth and pushes her away from her own people and white men by extension. The sexual abuse which Ruth has to endure in silence compounds the crime against her father and widens the gap between them both. Her father even gets in to bed with her at night. His imperious, authoritative presence, and choler forbid that Ruth disclose the secret, incestuous affair. The pedophiliac estranges his daughter even more and consequently Ruth is forced into the arms of a black man, Peter, who genuinely cares for her and who shows her love, kindness, and affection. Ruths heart and home are deprived of love and she describes herself as one starving for love and affection (83). Ruth never feels liked as a child therefore the isolation with which she struggles becomes evident when the first man outside of her family who shows her kindness becomes the one into whose arms she runs and becomes the father of her first child. Child molestation undeniably cuts a deep wound in Ruths life and drives her from her own circle. Ruths family dwells in a small town in the South called Portsmouth where her father runs a store in the Black district of the town. Although her father does not permit any interaction between his family and Blacks besides that of transacting business at his store, Ruth takes an objective and independent scrutiny of Blacks and what she discovers, fills her with wonder. The many injustices, the exploitation, the discrimination, lynching, the Klu Klux Klan attacks, and dire poverty that Blacks must face put them in Ruths sympathies and endear them to her. Because Blacks are the targets and victims of such abuse, alienation, injustice and terror, Ruth feels empathy and affinity to Blacks. Ruth realizes some admirable qualities in black people, which draw her such as their easy going nature, sense of humour, confidence, solidarity and kindness. She then compares her family to the Black family. ââ¬Å"We were miserableâ⬠(62), Ruth has a scarred family life and childhood experience. The family unit is in shambles and its members are disunited. Ruth never speaks of any strong bond with parents or siblings so she suffers in solitude. She admires the black family so it is no surprise that she gravitates towards Blacks. She observes that their families were together and although they were poor, they seemed happy (61). Ruths Jewish family disowns and disinherits her when they learn of her intentions to marry a Black man, Andrew Dennis McBride. Ruths Black in-laws, after Dennisââ¬â¢ death, adopt her as their own daughter and love her as such and thats why (she) never veered from the black sideâ⬠(247). When her family says ââ¬Ëkaddishââ¬â¢ and disown her, t hey refuse to support her and her kids even when she turns a widow. In the situation of neglect, the Blacks in the community become her family. She (stays) on the Black side because that (is) the only place (she) could stay (232). Ruthââ¬â¢s second husband, Hunter Jordan is like the rest. He is a ââ¬Å"good, good manâ⬠¦without bitterness and hateâ⬠(248), and a god-fearing man. He stands by his wife and children and support the family. At public school, whites do not accept Ruth and label her as an outsider, foreigner and immigrant. She does not feel accepted in the white circle and although she is American, she is made to feel like an alien. Pervasive rejection and maltreatment lead her to the Black circle with which she feels belonging. Because of prevailing Anti-Semitic feeling and the Jewsââ¬â¢ own exclusiveness, Ruthââ¬â¢s inter-racial relationships suffer. Her white school friends never include her in their social circle and her father imposes the directive that his Jewish children cannot play or associate with ââ¬Å"gentilesâ⬠or non-Jews. Thus Ruth feels torn and confused yet, in black people she comes to find something essential which she lacks ââ¬â love. Black men distinguish themselves from Ruthââ¬â¢s father, Shilsky. Peter, the first love of her life, she describes as the first man other than my grandfather who ever showed me any kindness in my life (111). Peter never judges (109) her. Unlike her father, he has a sense of humour that makes her laugh all the time. No one prior to Peter shows an interest in her. His tenderness, kindness, wit and easy humour are all traits which her father sorely lacks yet which draw her to Peter. Ruth and Peter communicate unimpeded while Peter conveys his love for her. Likewise, the salient attractive qualities in Dennis are his kindness, easy-going nature and sense of humour. She describes Dennis as the kindest man she has ever met to this day(171). Furthermore, Dennis is thoughtful, solid and spiritual. He teaches her about God not like her father did. He never compels her to adopt his faith. The Black men in her life are the total antithesis of her father. The solidarity, unity, intimacy and g eneral happiness in the home are qualities which Ruth desires in her own family and magnetize Ruth to Blacks and Black men. The spirituality of Blacks is another enviable aspect for which Ruth longs. At the Black Baptist Church, she feels at home with the people and the liturgy which are pregnant with feeling, vigor, vitality and which connects her to Providence. The genuineness of Black religion (Christianity), dedication to church and family, and a unique, close relationship with God captivate and magnetize her to the Black circle. On the other hand, she describes Judaism as a religion filled with dry rituals which hold no meaning for her. Memorization of scripture, the drought of fulfilling relationships, and the hypocrisy of her father as a rabbi repulse her from Judaism. Dennis teaches her of a Divine God who lifts her up and who forgives(247). As a youth , she becomes struck by the ceremonious attire, the importance, and the solemnity that Black folks hold concerning going to church on Sunday. Ruth observes that ââ¬Å"every Sunday, theyd get dressed up so clean for church, (she) wont recognize them â⬠(61). Works Cited: McBride, James. The Color of Water: A Black Manââ¬â¢s Tribute to His White Mother. Riverhead Books, New York. The Berkley Publishing Company 2006.
Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Boston Pizza For My Sustainability Review - 2224 Words
Introduction If you have had the opportunity to visit or live in Vancouver, then you aware of the incredibly sustainable practices that are used across the city, especially when compared to the rest of the world. The label of sustainability can give our city the ability to represent and define how our future as a globe can sustain itself by using the right practices. Although Vancouver is known for its beautiful mountains, scenery and outdoor activities, it is also known for its organically grown produce and furthermore, dining experiences. With recourses of locally grown, fresh and organic products delivered across BC, it allows for dining experiences to have healthier options, incredibly unique experiences and encourages local business growth across BC regions. For this assignment, I decided to use Boston Pizza for my sustainability review, located on Marine Drive in North Vancouver. There are Boston Pizzaââ¬â¢s located all throughout North America as the restaurant is a fra nchise. A privately owned restaurant will follow an operation that works best for them, how they run their restaurants and make decisions is only presented under that one restaurant. A franchised restaurant will run an operation, however their operation will be mirrored in every restaurant that carries the name. With the responsibility of a franchise on an owners back, their overall decision to change sustainability practices within their restaurant will not come easy. The biggest problem withShow MoreRelatedEssay about Recognizing and Shaping Opportunities19389 Words à |à 78 PagesEntrepreneurship + I N TE R A C TI VE I L LU S TR AT I O N S No tC Recognizing and Shaping Opportunities LYNDA M. APPLEGATE HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL Do CAROLE CARLSON 8056 | Published: September 1, 2014 This document is authorized for educator review use only by Vikas Gupta, at Institute of Management Technology - Ghaziabad (IMT) until December 2014. Copying or posting is an infringement of copyright. Permissions@hbsp.harvard.edu or 617.783.7860 rP os t Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..Read MoreKraft Foods Case Study6400 Words à |à 26 Pagessweet and confectionary food brands produced by Kraft are Oreo cookies, Kraft Mayo with olive oil, Jet-Puffed Marshmallows and Kraft salad dressings whereas for beverage and convenient foods are Kraft Macaroni and Cheese, California Pizza Kitchen and DiGiorno frozen pizzas, Yuban Coffee and Maxwell House (David 2009). Chapter II STRATEGY FORMULATION A. VISION AND MISSION STATEMENTS 1. Kraft Foods Mission Statement: Make Today Delicious In order to fulfill this mission Kraft Foods Inc. focusesRead MoreGlobal Trends in Hospitality7741 Words à |à 31 PagesLockwood, 1996). P. Jones / Hospitality Management 18 (1999) 427}442 429 demand, new product development, direct and indirect competition, advances in technology, and the many other factors which in#uence the growth and sustainability of any business concept. This review of issues and trends is concerned with two levels * the strategic (or rm) level, and the unit (i.e. hotel, restaurant or operations) level. Jones (1999) has proposed that strategic operations (not to be confused with businessRead MoreBusiness Ethics of Kfc6869 Words à |à 28 Pagesand faced many ethical dilemmas concerning their products and consumers during the process. The ethical dilemmas include poor quality products, animal abuse and poor working conditions. 2.1 POOR QUALITY PRODUCTS David Ludwig (2009), director of a Boston childrenââ¬â¢s hospital said that ââ¬Å"fast-food consumption has been shown to increase calorie intake, promote weight gain, and elevate risk for diabetesâ⬠(http://www.thenewwellness.com). Fast Food is usually unhealthy, andà can often leadà to loyal consumersRead MoreAn Evaluation of the Business and Financial Performance of Wm Morrison Supermarkets Plc Between 31st January 2005 and 3rd February 20088304 Words à |à 34 PagesAccounting/ Business techniques. 1. Sources of information from which relevant data were obtained. 2. Description of the methods used to collect information, including online access. 3. A discussion of the limitation of my information gathering. 4. Identification of any ethical issues that arose during your information gathering and how they were resolve. 5. An explanation of the accounting and/or business techniques used, including a discussionRead MorePepsi Project Report13786 Words à |à 56 Pagesto undergo my summer training at PEPSI, which would not have possible without the goodwill and support of the people around. As a student of BLSIM I would like to express my sincere thanks too all those who helped me during my practical training programme. Words are insufficient to express my gratitude toward Mr. Ravend Bijlani, the Customer Executive of Shukla Sales, Lucknow, Mr. Vishal Aggarwal Project Guide and Mr. Kuldeep Kaul (Marketing Head of Department Of BLSIM) My heartfelt thanksRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words à |à 702 Pagesthis 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decades. I hope you will find this new edition a worthy successor to earlier editions. I think this may even be my best book. The new Google and Starbucks cases should arouse keen student interest, and may even inspire another generation of entrepreneurs. A fair number of the older cases have faced significant changes in the last few years, for better or forRead MoreTo Study the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction at a Mcdonald Restaurant.11600 Words à |à 47 Pagesthan 58 million customers daily. In addition to its signature restaurant chain, McDonaldââ¬â¢s Corporation held a minority interest in Pret A Manger until 2008, was a major investor in the Chipotle Mexican Grill until 2006, and owned the restaurant chain Boston Market until 2007. A McDonald s restaurant is operated by a franchisee, an affiliate, or the corporation itself. The corporation s revenues come from the rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurantsRead Morepaul hoang answers72561 Words à |à 291 Pagesà © Paul Hoang and IBID Press à 1 Business Management ââ¬â Answer Book Important message from the author Dear Colleagues, Thank you for purchasing my textbook and for the encouraging words that many of you have passed on from around the world. In the final installment, I have put together answers/solutions to all 217 case studies. I hope you will find these solutions as a useful starting point. As with all BM mark schemes, the solutions in this Answer Book should be used with cautionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins ââ¬âSan Diego State University Timothy A. Judge ââ¬âUniversity of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Economics Of Intellectual Property Protection
have been arranged in the course of the most recent 100 years. These settlements are regulated by a specific office of the United Nations the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). They normally require their signatories to take after national treatment in the insurance of IPRs (equivalent treatment of nationals and non-nationals) and encourage the enlistment of licensed innovation titles in remote purviews. The economics of intellectual property protection Why do governments stretch out lawful assurance to protected innovation? One can comprehensively group the different types of IPRs into two classifications: IPRs that fortify innovative and inventive exercises (licenses, utility models, mechanical outlines, copyright, plantâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the particular instance of data and learning, if makers of scholarly works can t ensure themselves against impersonation and replicating, they don t have a motivation to participate in imaginative or inventive exercises, as they can t recover any use acquired during the time spent making new data and information. Licenses and copyrights offer an answer around this situation, as they forestall free-riding on scholarly resources by outsiders and accordingly make a motivating force to put resources into innovative work (RD) and related exercises. Since the products of innovative and inventive exercises as new advances and new items push the efficiency boondocks of firms in an economy, licenses and related instruments are frequently seen as essential strategy apparatuses to advance monetary development. In the meantime, IPRs in this first class are considered as just second best instruments of monetary arrangement. This is on the grounds that the select privileges of licenses and copyrights present business sector power in the supply of the ensured great to the title holder, which represents an expense to society in that organizations can charge costs above minor generation costs. In principle, governments can alter the length and broadness of security, for example, to augment the net advantage that collects to society from new information and abstract
Characterization in Tennysons Ulysses free essay sample
An analysis of Alfred Lord Tennysons Ulysses. This paper takes a different look at Homers creations redone by Tennyson in the Victorian Age. The author of this paper takes a look at the characterization of Ulysses which Tennyson envisages as a more contemporary, earthly man, whose own restlessness matches the restless nature of Victorian society. He also discusses Homers characterization of Odysseus as a favorite of the gods. Tennyson portrays further human qualities in Ulysses through his lust for glory. Unlike the immortal god-like Odysseus, Tennysons portrayal of Ulysses as aged and mortal is the clearest example of his humanity. Tennysons characterization of Ulysses brings a humanistic quality to Homers once god-like hero by depicting his earthen limitations of restlessness, selfishness, and lust for glory. The aged King portrayed by Tennyson in Ulysses resembles only a shadow of the great hero found in Homer. All of the god-like glory that set Odysseus apart and carried him through turmoil is brought to earth by Tennysons depiction of Ulysses human qualities. We will write a custom essay sample on Characterization in Tennysons Ulysses or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The former glory of Odysseus is recalled as a boast of greatness with the aid and direction of his gods absent. The reader discovers that however great Ulysses once was, he know possesses many of the same faults as ordinary men. The result is a human King facing death yet dreaming of glory.
Wednesday, April 22, 2020
The Yellow Wallpaper Setting Sample Essay Example For Students
The Yellow Wallpaper Setting Sample Essay Upon turning the first page of Charlotte Perkins Gilmanââ¬â¢s. ââ¬Å"The Yellow Wallpaperâ⬠the reader is plunged into the head of an emotionally and mentally disturbed adult female through her ain written words. As the narrative develops the reader begins to larn small features refering the womanââ¬â¢s mental status given information provided by other characters within the narrative. However. if it was non for the clip period within the narrative is set. how the construction of the house describes the womanââ¬â¢s internal emotions. and how the xanthous wallpaper portrays the womanââ¬â¢s mental status. the reader would non acquire the full psychological consequence from this thrilling narrative. First. the clip period within the narrative is set dramas a large function to the reader when it comes to understanding the womanââ¬â¢s mental province. During the period within the narrative is set. 1892. it was common for males to hold a dictatorial presence. The reader sees this when John. the womanââ¬â¢s hubby. ignores her supplications and sentiments about her ain mental status. ââ¬Å"If a doctor of high standing. and oneââ¬â¢s ain hubby. assures friends and relatives that there is truly nil the affair with one but impermanent nervous depressionââ¬âa slight hysterical tendencyââ¬âwhat is one to doâ⬠( Gilman 297 ) . We will write a custom essay on The Yellow Wallpaper Setting Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Although John is a sort adult male. who merely wants the best for his married woman. it is due to his rational mentality that forces the adult females to maintain all of her ideas inwards ; which finally leads to her going a captive in her ain head due to no 1 will take her earnestly. Second. the house within ââ¬Å"The Yellow Wallpaperâ⬠helps the reader understand the womanââ¬â¢s mute emotions. ââ¬Å" is rather alone standing good back from the route. rather three stat mis from the small town. It makes me believe of English topographic points that you read about. for there are hedges and walls and Gatess that lock. and tonss of separate small houses for the nurserymans and peopleâ⬠( Gilman 297 ) . Although the house may sound beautiful. it stands back off from the route and contains many ââ¬Å"locksâ⬠and ââ¬Å"separate small housesâ⬠; giving the reader a intimation that it possibly a old insane refuge. Furthermore. in maintaining with the feeling of is olation and limitation. the Windowss that look out from the house are barred. forestalling any kind of flight or alleviation. Therefore. as being shown by the he house being isolated and restricted. it subconsciously describes the narratorââ¬â¢s mute emotional place. Last. the xanthous wallpaper within the narrative portrays the womanââ¬â¢s mental status. As the storyteller begins to pull further and further into her phantasy with the xanthous wallpaper. the reader is shown a upseting statement that the adult females in secret provides. ââ¬Å"There are things in that paper which cipher knows but me. or of all time will. Behind that outside form the dim shapes get clearer every twenty-four hours. It is ever the same form. merely really legion. And it is like a adult female crouching down and crawling approximately behind that form. I donââ¬â¢t like it a bitâ⬠( Gilman 302 ) . The reader is shown by the wallpaper. that the adult female is really the ââ¬Å"stoopingâ⬠adult female she is sing within the wallpaper whom is hankering to liberate. The wallpaper. being the connexion for the reader to see within the womanââ¬â¢s head. is demoing merely how at bay and mentally unstable the adult female truly is experiencing. In decision. the scenes within ââ¬Å"The Yellow Wallpaperâ⬠genuinely are the chief characters of the narrative. If it was non for the clip period within the narrative is set. how the construction of the house describes the womanââ¬â¢s internal emotions. and how the xanthous wallpaper plays off the womanââ¬â¢s mental status. the reader would non acquire the full psychological effectual from this thrilling narrative. .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e , .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .postImageUrl , .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e , .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:hover , .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:visited , .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:active { border:0!important; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:active , .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u82fc310ba8683b435fc5e9f5f5fe933e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on Perseverance and The Olympic Story Lost in Time EssayWork Cited Gilman Perkins. Charlotte. ââ¬Å"The Yellow Wallpaper. â⬠The Art of the ShortStory. Ed. Dana Gioia and R. S Gwynn. Pearson Longman. 2006. 297-308
Monday, March 16, 2020
Environmental impacts of batteries Essay Example
Environmental impacts of batteries Essay Example Environmental impacts of batteries Essay Environmental impacts of batteries Essay lithium-ion and lead-based cells. C-rate C-rate is the measuring of the charge and dispatch current of a cell. Almost all movable cells are rated at 1 Coulomb ( 1C ) . This means that a 1000mAh battery, if discharged at 1C, would give 1000mA for one hr. The same applies if the discharge was halved ( 0.5C ) this would supply half the sum of current ( 500mA ) for twice the continuance ( 2 hours ) . A 1C cell is referred to as an hr discharge, the most common portable cell we have is the 20-hour Lead-based discharge cells ( 0.05C ) found in autos. Lead-Acid Cells The C-rate of a lead-acid cell is non set to a changeless like other cells, as accomplishing 100 % electrical capacity at any discharge rate is hard. The beginning is done in order to counterbalance for the varying measurings at the differing currents ; automatically seting the capacity of the cell is discharged at a higher/lower C-rate than originally thought. Portable lead-based cells are rated at 0.05C given a 20-hour discharge. The beginning is represented in Peukert s jurisprudence. Peukert s jurisprudence: represents the electrical capacity of a lead-acid cell in footings of C-rate. As the rate of discharge additions, the battery s available capacity lessenings and vice-versa. Fast and decelerate discharging/recharging of a lead-acid cell At the beginning of when a lead-acid cell is charged or discharged, the chemicals present in the acid electrolyte at the point between the positive and negative electrodes ( the interface ) are affected. The alteration in these chemicals, consequences in a charge that is formed at the interface. This interface charge finally spreads throughout the active stuff in the volume. Fast bear downing a wholly discharged cell for a twosome of proceedingss causes the charge to develop near the interface of the battery, when left for continuance of clip ( Ã ± a twosome of hours ) the charge spreads throughout the volume of the cell, intending the interface charge of the cell is excessively low for the cell to really work. Likewise, if the cell is discharged rapidly it will look to be dead but it has merely lost its interface charge. Meaning after a few proceedingss wait, it should be able to work. If the battery is charged easy, over a long continuance of clip, so it will go more to the full charged ( than that of a fast charge ) . This is as a consequence of the interface charge holding more clip to redistribute itself into the volume of the electrodes and acerb electrolyte, every bit good as itself ( the interface charge ) being recharged. In add-on, if the cell is being discharged easy, so when the battery appears to be has died it most likely has been to the full discharged. Depth of discharge of Lead-acid batteries The deepness of discharge ( DOD ) of a cell is the per centum of the battery s current that it is discharged per hr. The optimal temperature a battery should be charged/discharged is around 25 A ; deg ; C ( 77 A ; deg ; F ) , anything higher and up until 50 A ; deg ; C ( 122 A ; deg ; F ) , is tolerable. The rhythm life of lead-acid batteries is precisely relative to the deepness of its discharges. Ã ±200 rhythms after battery discharged to the full ( 100 % DOD ) Ã ±500 rhythms after battery partial discharge ( 50 % DOD ) 1000+ rhythms after battery shallowly discharged ( DOD ) Lead-acid batteries are charged non be discharged over 1.75V/cell, nor should it be stored in a dismissed province. The cells of a dismissed lead-acid sulphate, a status that renders the battery useless if left in that province for a few yearss. Always keep the unfastened terminal electromotive force at 2.10V and higher. Charge and discharging of lithium- ion cells Dispatching Lithium-ion batteries merely works within the temperature bound of -20 A ; deg ; C to 60 A ; deg ; C ( -4 A ; deg ; F to 140 A ; deg ; F ) . The chemical reaction is reversed within the battery and the current flow is carried from the negative to the positive electrode by the motion of Li+ ions, through the non-aqueous electrolyte. The rhythm life of lithium-ion batteries is straight related to the battery s deepness of discharge, the higher the capacity of discharge, the less figure of rhythms it can travel through. Charging Lithium-ion cells requires an external electrical power beginning ( courser ) that applies a higher electromotive force but of equal difference ( usually 4.05V/cell ) to that developed by the battery s ain chemical science. This causes the current to flux in the opposite way, intending the Li ions migrate from the cathode to the anode, and they become intercalated in the porous electrode stuff of the cell, thereby refilling its charge. Charge and discharge rhythms in nickel- based batteries ( NiCd A ; NiMH ) The dependability every bit good as length of service of Nickel-based batteries flexible joints, preponderantly, on the quality of the courser. Nickel- based cells should ever stay cool when being charged as elevated temperatures shortens battery life. A rise in temperature can non be avoided due to the chemical reaction in the nickel-based cells, yet in order to be charged decently the spike in temperature has to be every bit short as possible. If the temperature of the battery remains higher than room temperature for an ample sum of clip, the battery should be removed, as it is non being charged right Nickel-based batteries can be charged at several different rates utilizing a assortment of coursers: Slow courser of nickel- based cells take between 14-16 hours at a fixed charge of 0.1C ( 1/10 of Ni cells 1C capacity ) this nevertheless causes crystalline formation within the cell, this causes the subsequent bead in electromotive force at that point in its charge rhythm where reloading began, as if the cell is being discharged Rapid Charger of nickel-based cells takes between 3-6 hours to to the full bear down, this courser switches the cell to dribble charge ( bear downing with a really little current ) when it is ready. Fast courser of nickel-based cells takes about one hr to bear down the battery ; this is the preferable manner to bear down nickel-based cells as it reduces crystalline formation or memory within the battery nevertheless, the battery is at a higher hazard of overcharging, which can damage the battery. However all new Nickel-based batteries should be trickle-charged for a twenty-four hours before being used as this ensures that all cells are every bit charged within the battery. Nickel Metal-hydride hitter The bear downing electromotive force of NiMH ranges between 1.4-1.6 V/cell to the full charged and 1.25 V/cell during discharge, down to about 1.0-1.1 V/cell Nickel Cd battery The bear downing electromotive force of NiCd is between 1.3 -1.4V per cell when to the full charged and about 0.8-1 V when discharged If the nickel-based batteries are discharged at a rate higher than 1c, the terminal of discharge point is lower than 0.9V a cell. This compensates for the electromotive force bead at higher temperatures induced by the internal opposition of the cell besides other factor which contribute to the bead ( iring, contact etc ) the lower point produces better capacity readings for the nickel-based cells when dispatching at lower temperatures. South African companies that manufacture batteries The Willard Battery Company is a to the full owned South African company that manufactures motor vehicle batteries and is located in Roodepoort, Port Elizabeth. The chief types of cell they manufacture are SLI lead-acid batteries for usage in powering the starter motor, visible radiations, and the ignition system of a auto s engine. First National battery is a battery maker that came approximately after the amalgamation of four smaller battery-manufacturing companies ( First national battery, Raylight, Oldham and Chloride ) . Their chief merchandises are SLI lead-acid batteries used in vehicles ( rider and commercial ) , mono-block lead-alloy batteries used in railroads, lead-alloy cells ( deep-cycle, RR, tubular and Solar ) used for as standby modesty batteries in marine vehicles and every bit good solar batteries. Deltec Power Distributors is a South African distributer of a broad assortment local and internationally produced high quality Lead-calcium auto batteries and standalones, since 1979. SABAT Batteries is portion of Powertech Batteries, a subdivision of the Altron Group South Africa. SABATS s chief operations include the industry and distribution of lead-acid cells, low-maintenance intercrossed lead-calcium cells, and maintenance-free Ca and normal Ca batteries Dixon Premium batteries is South African company founded in 1953 and is based in Vereeninging Johannesburg. Their chief merchandise is a 12-volt SMF lead-acid cell for usage in motor ( and/or other ) vehicles. Free Start Power is a Local company that manufactures SLI lead-acid batteries for the usage in vehicles ( commercial, rider and aquatic ) The Most Popular Types of Battery: The three most common and more popularly used types of batteries are the lithium-ion battery ( illustrations are in notebook computing machines and medical devices ) , nickel-based batteries ( such as in two way-radios and power-tools in the nickel-cadmium battery and laptop computing machines and nomadic phones in the nickel-metal-hydride battery ) , and of class the lead-acid battery ( largely found in wheelchairs, exigency illuming system and autos ) . Nickel-cadmium Battery: The nickel-cadmium battery consists of a Ni ( III ) oxide- hydrated oxide ( Ni ( OH ) 3 ) home base as the positive electrode ( the cathode ) , a Cd home base as the negative electrode ( the anode ) and an alkalic electrolyte normally made from K hydrated oxide ( KOH ) . There is besides a centrifuge that isolates the two electrode home bases. These are all rolled into a coiling form and enclosed in a shell utilizing a metal, self-sealing home base ( known as the jelly-roll design ) . This original cell design is what differentiates the nickel-cadmium battery from the older, more traditional alkaline cell. The construction of the nickel-cadmium cell allows more of the electrode to be in contact with the electrolyte, therefore take downing the internal opposition of the battery and increasing the maximal current that can be delivered, whereas in the alkaline cell a black lead rod is placed in a shell filled with the electrolyte, ensuing in a much smaller country of the electrode being in contact with the electrolyte. In a nickel-cadmium battery, the chemical reactions are as follows: Nickel electrode ( cathode ) : 2NiO ( OH ) + 2H2O + 2e? 2Ni ( OH ) 2 + 2OH? Cadmium electrode ( anode ) : Cd + 2OH? Cadmium ( OH ) 2 + 2e? Therefore, the net reaction in the cells of a nickel-cadmium battery is: 2NiO ( OH ) + Cd + 2H2O 2Ni ( OH ) 2 + Cd ( OH ) 2 When a nickel-cadmium cell is tested on a device such as a cell phone, it typically produces a really low internal opposition: approximately 155 milli-Ohms ( m? ) . This opposition is mostly affected by the province of charge the battery is in. The opposition is highest during two phases: when there is a low charge and instantly after bear downing. Therefore, the maximal possible current is really achieved after a period of remainder after the battery has been charged, with the internal opposition changing between 100 to 200 milli-Ohms, with the cell emf runing from 0.0 to 1.3V. Both the maximal current and the capacity of this cell are influenced by the internal opposition. As antecedently stated, the low opposition means that the nickel-cadmium cell can bring forth rather a high maximal current. The secondary cells that make up the nickel-cadmium battery each have a capacity of about 1.2 Volts ; hence a standard battery with a 7.2V capacity ( 6 cell battalion ) should bring forth around a 900 ma current without decreasing for a long period of clip. This ability of the battery to supply a high current for drawn-out periods makes it one of the most popular battery types. Nickel-metal-hydride Battery: The chief ( and perchance most separating ) difference between the nickel-metal-hydride battery and the nickel-cadmium battery is that the nickel-metal-hydride does nt utilize any toxic metals. Where the nickel-cadmium battery uses Cd to organize the hydrogen-absorbing anode, this battery uses an electrode made from a metal-hydride, typically an alloy mixture of Lanthanum, Ce, Nd, Pr and possible other rare-earth elements, every bit good as a metal that is normally cobalt, nickel, manganese and/or aluminum. This makes the metal-hydride anode an intermetallic compound. Lithium-ion Battery: The lithium-ion battery is one of the newest and fastest developing engineerings in the battery universe. As this cell was introduced to the populace shortly after the nickel-metal-hydride battery, some believe that the nickel-metal-hydride cell was a important measure in the development of the lithium-ion cell. In a lithium-ion cell, the electrodes ( anode and cathode ) are made from compounds which lithium can travel through. When Li is moved into the electrode it is called migration ; when it moves out it is called extraction. The motion of the Li, via the electrolyte, between the anode and the cathode depends on whether the cell is bear downing or dispatching. The ground lithium-ion is used alternatively of Li metal is that Li metal is extremely unstable when used in the batteries discharge and recharge rhythms, doing it really insecure for conventional usage. Therefore, this battery is a non-metallic battery. Lead-acid Battery: As the name suggests, this type of battery consists of two substances: Lead and an acid. There are two types of solid lead in the battery which form the two electrodes. The negative electrode ( anode ) is made from pure lead ( Pb ) while the positive electrode ( cathode ) is made from lead dioxide ( PbO2 ) . It is of import to retrieve that lead has an oxidization figure of 0, while lead dioxide is +4, as it is the alteration in these Numberss due to the reaction in the cells that will do a flow of electricity. The acid in the battery forms the electrolyte. This acid is the compound Sulfuric Acid ( H2SO4 ) , which is besides assorted with H2O ( H2O ) . This acid remains in the ionized signifier of two H+ protons and an SO42- ion. This is due to the fact that Sulfuric Acid will merely lose one of its protons when it comes into contact with the H2O, salvaging the other for reaction with the lead on either electrode. When the two electrodes are placed into the electrolyte and the circuit is completed, both electrodes will get down to organize a coating of lead sulphate ( PbSO4 ) around the original compound. Therefore, we can pull up the half reactions that define the chemical procedure in a lead-acid battery. A typical, conventional lead-acid battery consists of a 6V battalion, i.e. the battery has 6 cells in it, with each cell holding a capacity of 2 Volts ( voltage is equal to about 2.041 V in each cell ) . The internal opposition depends on the maximal electromotive force that is presently fluxing through the battery. In a to the full charged 12.6 Volt lead-acid battery, the internal opposition is about 10 milliohms. This really low opposition consequences in the high maximal current that the battery can bring forth. However, unlike the nickel-cadmium battery, it can merely bring forth this current for a really limited sum of clip ( 200 to 300 rhythms ) , after which the current will get down to decrease and internal opposition will get down to increase. The opposition is besides affected by the figure of cells in the battery, i.e. the more cells, the higher the joint internal opposition. The most common application of the lead-acid battery is the auto battery, besides known as a lead- acid collector. This type of battery ( normally 6V or 12V ) uses a dynamo to reload the battery and shop energy while the auto is turned off, so that it does nt run level. The Recycling and Disposal of Battery Components: Chelsey Moubray An electrical battery is a combination of one or more electrochemical cells, used to change over stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Where make you utilize batteries? Batteries form an indispensable portion of mundane life. As consumers, we make regular usage of these electrical units to execute a assortment of different things. When talking about little electronic points, batteries are the most common systems that are used to power things such as cameras, cellular phones, tickers, laptops, remotes, most torchs and many other family points. Every auto is powered by an electrical auto battery that enables mobility and these batteries are considered one of the most of import intents of batteries. Alkaline batteries are used to power these monolithic auto batteries every bit good as wirelesss, carbon-zinc batteries for kids s drama playthings and torches. Lithium is chiefly used in batteries for things such as your camera, a reckoner or your ticker but sometimes quicksilver is besides used for these assorted points. Mercury is besides used for hearing AIDSs, which are besides powered by Ag and Zn batteries. Batteries are a really of import constituent in our twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours lives. To set it merely, they make everything a batch easier for us. Introducing a whole new spectrum of electronic contraptions and equipment, we have easier ways to listen to music, cognize the clip, travel faster and even listen without excessively much trouble. To put to death these maps we need to take between two types of batteries that are used today ; Primary Batteries and Secondary Batteries. A Primary battery is more normally known as a disposable battery and can be used for portable devices that demand an immediate and direct current when switched on. The advantage for places is that these batteries are easy accessed but can merely be used one time and must be thrown off after. The other battery is non merely a better option for families but is besides a healthier option for the environment* . These Secondary batteries are besides know as rechargeable batteries, and must be charged earlier usage. These batteries can be used many times, as they are rechargeable and execute the same occupation as a Primary battery. In decision, we use batteries in many different countries but chiefly to power points that are a major portion of mundane life. Like we are dependent on our autos and our tickers for the clip, we are hence dependent on batteries. They form a big intent in our lives and must utilize safely. In order to verify this safety we must larn to dispose of our batteries right. How make you dispose of batteries? To get down with, there are few standard processs that should be followed when covering with batteries. Never dispose of batteries in a fire beginning because it is likely that they will detonate. Make certain neer to put batteries in a group because if they contain even a little sum of power, when banged together they may let go of a charge that could ensue in them catching fire which can hold annihilating consequences. When it is evident that a battery can no longer power its contraption, it must be removed instantly because it may leak. And in conclusion, neer place a battery in a pocket because it may split and do another escape. The first measure to the equal disposal of a battery is to put a powerless battery in some kind of container until you can right recycle it. Every battery is now considered to be risky waste. Because they contain really toxic metals such as Mercury, they have been classified as unsuitable to be thrown off as standard municipal solid waste. Batteries are non to be placed in communal dumps because there is a opportunity that these toxic metals can hold a serious and ageless consequence on the environing environment. * Some of the batteries that are required to be accurately disposed of are batteries that can be found in ; power tools, Mobiles, assorted proctors, portable lamps, fact-finding electronic cogwheel, torchs etc. The new disposal demand applies to all types and all sizes of batteries, including but non limited to: Alkaline, Nickel metal hydride ( Ni-MH ) , Nickel-cadmium ( Ni-Cd ) , Silver button ( Ag ) , Mercury ( Hg ) , sealed lead acid ( Pb ) , Wet lead acid, Carbon-zinc, and Lithium Ion. There are a figure of standard alkaline batteries that are non classified as harmful and can be thrown off as regular family waste but it is recommended for the batteries incorporating Li, mercuric, oxide, nickel-cadmium, nickel metal hydride and Ag oxide to be recycled. Most recycling countries contain a section for electrical batteries but it is best to reach your municipality to happen out where most suited to travel. As the celebrated Duracell battery company stated, Proven cost-efficient and environmentally safe recycling procedures are non yet universally available for alkalic batteries. Some communities offer recycling or aggregations of alkalic batteries- contact your local authorities for disposal patterns in your country. Impact of Batteries: What is the impact of batteries on world? Clearly there is both an inexorable negative and positive impact of batteries on world. The basic positive impact is that everything is a batch easier for worlds. There are legion activities that have been made possible for us through the creative activity of batteries. For illustration: Car Batteries: Car batteries have made mobility possible. Without this innovation we would neer be able to depend on such a dependable, easy accessible and speedy signifier of conveyance. The debut of cars has made a enormously positive impact on human sort. Proctors: There are assorted types of proctors that are used today, one of the most common being the standard infirmary bosom proctor. These proctors are responsible for maintaining people alive. As a beginning of instruction and scrutiny, these have formed an improbably critical portion of the medical universe. Watchs: Without batteries we would neer hold portable redstem storksbills that can be used to easy entree the clip. Although non a compulsory indispensable, tickers have been said to be one of the most of import constructs on a little graduated table. As mentioned in the old subdivision, there are 100s of other manufactured electronic creative activities that have been made possible by the debut of batteries. These creative activities have formed a critical portion in world development over the last few decennaries. Without the constitution of batteries, the mechanical universe would neer hold progressed and reached the critical degree that it has reached. Enabling immense scientific discoveries and finds, batteries have formed the foundation blocks of our society and go on to enable extended surveies and research. Although batteries have facilitated a big scope of finds and activities, they besides have a negative impact on world. One of the most outstanding negative impacts is the dependence on electronic contraptions. As a embryologic universe we have developed over many centuries, get downing with a really rural province and turning into a mechanical industrial universe extremely dependent of engineering. Included in this engineering is the battery. As said earlier, as one of the foundation blocks of society, communities have become mostly dependent on batteries for necessities such as transit and work, but besides less indispensable activities including amusement and leisure. As a planetary community we have survived in fortunes far more utmost than today without the aid of batteries and futuristic engineering, so it is apparent that although accommodating, batteries can be considered unneeded and therefore can be seen as a negative impact of world. The 2nd more outstanding negative impact of batteries is their increasing injury to the environment. What is the impact of batteries on the environment? Unfortunately the effects of batteries on the environment are negative. As batteries are burned they pollute every bit good as vaporise the air. When they are released into the ocean they pollute our seas and as they are thrown into dump countries their toxic ingredients are left to ooze into the dirt doing monolithic and annihilating harm to our natural eco system. The toxins in these batteries that are leached into the land when inadequately diposed of can pollute works and carnal life every bit good as land H2O for up to 50 old ages. This ageless rhythm of taint causes a immense disturbance in our environments natural nutrient concatenation and web. When consumed, these toxic chemicals are highly damaging to worlds, workss and animate beings. Childs are extremely affected by this procedure, and are most susceptible to damage. Often the consequences of this consumption are disquieted cardinal nervous systems, psychological lack and acquisition disablements. The exposure to these unsafe chemicals has a drawn-out consequence on the environment. Because any chemical or metal is potentially unsafe, they should neer be deposited in the land. Harmonizing to an independent Gallic survey commissioned by rechargeable battery maker, Uniross, it is stated that by replacing disposable batteries with rechargeable batteries we can extinguish 99000 metric tons waste in Europe and 330 00 metric tons worldwide. The usage of disposable batteries is a go oning factor of planetary heating. Disposable batteries take up 23 times more no-renewable resources doing them a outstanding facet of clime alteration. These batteries besides have a big impact on air acidification. This means that these batteries contribute to the physique up of souring substances in the atoms in suspension in the ambiance. This accretion is formed as rain and has a strong negative influence on dirts and ecosystems. The three worst chemical toxins found in batteries are lead, Cd and quicksilver. These have the worst consequence on the environment. Through the equal disposal of batteries, we can successfully construct up on a healthy ecosystem. It is said that every individual battery that is disposed of in an wrong manner will stop up in leaching into the land effecting and full concatenation of being finally set uping yourself. Decision: In decision, it is safe to state that, in reply to our research inquiry, there is no 1 battery that is superior to all others. Batteries are designed for specific intents ; hence each battery is different in their features and is suited for a certain undertaking. For illustration, a lead-acid collector in a auto could non be used in a torch like a nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal-hydride battery. Although some batteries may be more powerful in footings of current or opposition, it is merely because the usage of that battery requires those qualities. In footings of environmental and human impact, it seems that all batteries are harmful if non disposed of decently and safely, although some may be more harmful than others depending on the toxicity of the metals involved in fabricating it. Reference list: Luca Miceli: Willard- the power of technology.2009 proficient Info ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.willard.co.za/wcontent.nsf/techinfo? openpage 22/02/2010 Willard- the power of technology.2010 Company history ( Online ) Available: www.willard.co.za/wcontent.nsf/history? openpage 22/02/2010 First National Battery- through caring we lead.2004-2009 Merchandises and their utilizations ( online ) Available: www.battery.co.za 22/02/2010 Dixon Premium batteries.2009. Company profile ( online ) Available: www.dixonbatteries.co.za 22/02/2010 Sabat- it starts s with Sabat! 2009. SABAT-About Us ( online ) Available: www.sabat.co.za 22/02/2010 Freestart power. 2005 Freestart- Company Home ( online ) Available: www.freestart.co.za 22/02/2010 Deltec power Distributors PTY LTD. 2009.Deltec-Home ( online ) Available: www.deltecpower.co.za 22/02/2010 Battery Charger. 2010. Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_charger. 23/02/2010 Charging and dispatching rhythms in rechargeable batteries. 2010. Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Rechargeable_battery # Charging_and_discharging. 23/02/2010 Electricity in batteries. 2010.Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_ ( electricity ) 23/02/2010 Lithium-ion Cell. 2010. Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion 23/02/2010 Nickel-metal hydride battery. 2010. Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel-metal_hydride_battery 23/02/2010 Nickel-Cadmium battery. 2010. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel-cadmium 23/02/2010 Lead-acid cell.2010. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ( online ) Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead-acid cell 23/02/2010 Charging Nickel based batteries. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-11.htm 24/02/2010 Charging Lithium-ion batteries. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( Online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-12.htm 24/02/2010 Charging Lead-acid batteries. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( Online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-13.htm 24/02/2010 Charging at high and low temperatures. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( Online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-14.htm 24/02/2010 How to bear down when to bear down tabular array. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( Online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-14A.htm 24/02/2010 Dispatching at high and low temperature. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( Online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-15.htm 24/02/2010 Discharge methods ( online ) 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-16.htm 24/02/2010 Calculating the battery runtime. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( Online ) Available: www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-16a.htm 24/02/2010 Benjamin Traub: Nickel-cadmium Battery. 2009. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel-cadmium_battery 09/03/2010 Nickel-metal Hydride Battery. 2009. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel-metal_hydride_battery 09/03/2010 Lithium-ion Battery. 2009. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery # Electrochemistry 09/03/2010 Electrochemistry of Lead Acid cell. 2006. Engineers Edge-Solutions by Design ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.engineersedge.com/battery/electrochemistry_lead_acid_battery_cell.htm 09/03/2010 How Batteries Work: The Lead Acid Accumulator Reactions. 2010. Green-Planet-Solar-Energy.com ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.green-planet-solar-energy.com/how-batteries-work.html 12/03/2010 Impedance extremums of certain nickel/cadmium cells at low states-of-charge. 1992 M.S. Suresh and S. Sathyanarayana. NuMat 2010: the Nuclear Materials Conference ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedirect.com/science? _ob=ArticleURL A ; _udi=B6TH1-43MH70Y-P8 A ; _user=10 A ; _coverDate=02 % 2F29 % 2F1992 A ; _rdoc=1 A ; _fmt=high A ; _orig=search A ; _sort=d A ; _docanchor= A ; view=c A ; _acct=C000050221 A ; _version=1 A ; _urlVersion=0 A ; _userid=10 A ; md5=efee69aae0bf1188ef31a4bb73e02e0b 15/03/2010 Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries. 2009. Electropaedia ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mpoweruk.com/nimh.htm 15/03/2010 Battery public presentation as a map of cycling. 2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.batteryuniversity.com/parttwo-36.htm 16/03/2010 Is lithium-ion the ideal battery? .2003 2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-5.htm 16/03/2010 How does the internal battery opposition affect public presentation? .2003-2006 Isidor Buchmann. Battery university-online university ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-22.htm 16/03/2010 Lead Acid Batteries. 2009. BigginHill ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bigginhill.co.uk/batteries.htm 17/03/2010 Chelsey Moubray: Importance of batteries. 2005 2010. Articlesbase, Free Online Articles Directory ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.articlesbase.com/technology-articles/importance-of-batteries-1477480.html Battery ( electricity ) . 2009. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopaedia ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_ % 28electricity % 29 Environment, Health and Safety Disposal of Batteries. 2002. University of California, San Diego ( UCSD ) ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //adminrecords.ucsd.edu/Notices/2002/2002-04-16-02.html How do I Dispose of Batteries? 2010. wiseGeek.com ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wisegeek.com/how-do-i-dispose-of-batteries.htm Batteries. 2009. Smart Cape-Home ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.smartcape.org.za/learner-support/responses/natural-sciences/batteries.html ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //mybroadband.co.za/news/Hardware/270.html The Effects of Non-Disposable Batteries on the Environment. 2007 Jason Petrina. ArticleClick.com ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.articleclick.com/Article/The-Effects-of-Non-Disposable-Batteries-on-the-Environment/936437 The environmental impact of disposable versus re-chargeable batteries for consumer usage. 2006 David Parsons. SpringerLink ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.springerlink.com/content/r104g3640u736674/ Battery Recycling and Disposal Guide for Households. 2010. Environmental Health and Safety Online ( online ) Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ehso.com/ehsshome/batteries.php
Saturday, February 29, 2020
Analysis of the Use of Quantum Mechanics
Analysis of the Use of Quantum Mechanics Description of the theory There are a number of mathematically equivalent formulations of quantum mechanics. One of the oldest and most commonly used formulations is the transformation theory invented by Cambridge theoretical physicist Paul Dirac, which unifies and generalizes the two earliest formulations of quantum mechanics, matrix mechanics (invented by Werner Heisenberg) and wave mechanics (invented by Erwin Schrà ¶dinger). In this formulation, the instantaneous state of a quantum system encodes the probabilities of its measurable properties, or observables. Examples of observables include energy, position, momentum, and angular momentum. Observables can be either continuous (e.g., the position of a particle) or discrete (e.g., the energy of an electron bound to a hydrogen atom). Generally, quantum mechanics does not assign definite values to observables. Instead, it makes predictions about probability distributions; that is, the probability of obtaining each of the possible outcomes from measuring an observable. Naturally, these probabilities will depend on the quantum state at the instant of the measurement. There are, however, certain states that are associated with a definite value of a particular observable. These are known as eigenstates of the observable (eigen meaning own in German). In the everyday world, it is natural and intuitive to think of everything being in an eigenstate of every observable. Everything appears to have a definite position, a definite momentum, and a definite time of occurrence. However, Quantum Mechanics does not pinpoint the exact values for the position or momentum of a certain particle in a given space in a finite time, but, rather, it only provides a range of probabilities of where that particle might be. Therefore, it beca me necessary to use different words for a) the state of something having an uncertainty relation and b) a state that has a definite value. The latter is called the eigenstate of the property being measured. A concrete example will be useful here. Let us consider a free particle. In quantum mechanics, there is wave-particle duality so the properties of the particle can be described as a wave. Therefore, its quantum state can be represented as a wave, of arbitrary shape and extending over all of space, called a wavefunction. The position and momentum of the particle are observables. The Uncertainty Principle of quantum mechanics states that both the position and the momentum cannot simultaneously be known with infinite precision at the same time. However, we can measure just the position alone of a moving free particle creating an eigenstate of position with a wavefunction that is very large at a particular position x, and zero everywhere else. If we perform a position measurement on such a wavefunction, we will obtain the result x with 100% probability. In other words, we will know the position of the free particle. This is called an eigenstate of position. If the particle is in an eigen state of position then its momentum is completely unknown. An eigenstate of momentum, on the other hand, has the form of a plane wave. It can be shown that the wavelength is equal to h/p, where h is Plancks constant and p is the momentum of the eigenstate. If the particle is in an eigenstate of momentum then its position is completely blurred out. Usually, a system will not be in an eigenstate of whatever observable we are interested in. However, if we measure the observable, the wavefunction will immediately become an eigenstate of that observable. This process is known as wavefunction collapse. If we know the wavefunction at the instant before the measurement, we will be able to compute the probability of collapsing into each of the possible eigenstates. For example, the free particle in our previous example will usually have a wavefunction that is a wave packet centered around some mean position x0, neither an eigenstate of position nor of momentum. When we measure the position of the particle, it is impossible for us to predict with certainty the result that we will obtain. It is probable, but not certain, that it will be near x0, where the amplitude of the wavefunction is large. After we perform the measurement, obtaining some result x, the wavefunction collapses into a position eigenstate centered at x. Wave functions can change as time progresses. An equation known as the Schrà ¶dinger equation describes how wave functions change in time, a role similar to Newtons second law in classical mechanics. The Schrà ¶dinger equation, applied to our free particle, predicts that the center of a wave packet will move through space at a constant velocity, like a classical particle with no forces acting on it. However, the wave packet will also spread out as time progresses, which means that the position becomes more uncertain. This also has the effect of turning position eigenstates (which can be thought of as infinitely sharp wave packets) into broadened wave packets that are no longer position eigenstates. Some wave functions produce probability distributions that are constant in time. Many systems that are treated dynamically in classical mechanics are described by such static wave functions. For example, a single electron in an unexcited atom is pictured classically as a particle moving in a circular trajectory around the atomic nucleus, whereas in quantum mechanics it is described by a static, spherically symmetric wavefunction surrounding the nucleus (Note that only the lowest angular momentum states, labeled s, are spherically symmetric). The time evolution of wave functions is deterministic in the sense that, given a wavefunction at an initial time, it makes a definite prediction of what the wavefunction will be at any later time. During a measurement, the change of the wavefunction into another one is not deterministic, but rather unpredictable. The probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics thus stems from the act of measurement. This is one of the most difficult aspects of quantum systems to understand. It was the central topic in the famous Bohr-Einstein debates, in which the two scientists attempted to clarify these fundamental principles by way of thought experiments. In the decades after the formulation of quantum mechanics, the question of what constitutes a measurement has been extensively studied. Interpretations of quantum mechanics have been formulated to do away with the concept of wavefunction collapse; see, for example, the relative state interpretation. The basic idea is that when a quantum system interacts with a measuring apparatus, their respective wavefunctions become entangled, so that the original quantum system ceases to exist as an independent entity. Quantum mechanical effects As mentioned in the introduction, there are several classes of phenomena that appear under quantum mechanics which have no analogue in classical physics. These are sometimes referred to as quantum effects. The first type of quantum effect is the quantization of certain physical quantities. Quantization first arose in the mathematical formulae of Max Planck in 1900 as discussed in the introduction. Max Planck was analyzing how the radiation emitted from a body was related to its temperature, in other words, he was analyzing the energy of a wave. The energy of a wave could not be infinite, so Planck used the property of the wave we designate as the frequency to define energy. Max Planck discovered a constant that when multiplied by the frequency of any wave gives the energy of the wave. This constant is referred to by the letter h in mathematical formulae. It is a cornerstone of physics. By measuring the energy in a discrete non-continuous portion of the wave, the wave took on the appearance of chunks or packets of energy. These chunks of energy resembled particles. So energy is said to be quantized because it only comes in discrete chunks instead of a continuous range of energies. In the example we have given, of a free particle in empty space, both the position and the momentum are continuous observables. However, if we restrict the particle to a region of space (the so-called particle in a box problem), the momentum observable will become discrete; it will only take on the values , where L is the length of the box, h is Plancks constant, and n is an arbitrary nonnegative integer number. Such observables are said to be quantized, and they play an important role in many physical systems. Examples of quantized observables include angular momentum, the total energy of a bound system, and the energy contained in an electromagnetic waveof a given frequency. Another quantum effect is the uncertainty principle, which is the phenomenon that consecutive measurements of two or more observables may possess a fundamental limitation on accuracy. In our free particle example, it turns out that it is impossible to find a wavefunction that is an eigenstate of both position and momentum. This implies that position and momentum can never be simultaneously measured with arbitrary precision, even in principle: as the precision of the position measurement improves, the maximum precision of the momentum measurement decreases, and vice versa. Those variables for which it holds (e.g., momentum and position, or energy and time) are canonically conjugate variables in classical physics. Another quantum effect is the wave-particle duality. It has been shown that, under certain experimental conditions, microscopic objects like atoms or electrons exhibit particle-like behavior, such as scattering. (Particle-like in the sense of an object that can be localized to a particular region of space.) Under other conditions, the same type of objects exhibit wave-like behavior, such as interference. We can observe only one type of property at a time, never both at the same time. Another quantum effect is quantum entanglement. In some cases, the wave function of a system composed of many particles cannot be separated into independent wave functions, one for each particle. In that case, the particles are said to be entangled. If quantum mechanics is correct, entangled particles can display remarkable and counter-intuitive properties. For example, a measurement made on one particle can produce, through the collapse of the total wavefunction, an instantaneous effect on other particles with which it is entangled, even if they are far apart. (This does not conflict with special relativity because information cannot be transmitted in this way.)
Thursday, February 13, 2020
Industrial Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1
Industrial Revolution - Essay Example Since Britain is an island, it relied on maritime trade. As a slave and foreign trade put new demands on the movement of people and distribution of products, innovations in the shipping industry had to be brought in. This led to improvements in shipbuilding and the emergence of the ship repair industry. The technological advances that fueled these developments included the prologue of steam power and the use of steel and iron in building merchant ships. The result was safer, more reliable and faster sea travel beyond rivers into ocean voyages. Architectural and infrastructural changes included transport systems made up of expanded railways, improved roads, and iron bridges. Steam engines were also adopted in locomotives. Canals that connected industrial centers, trading centers, coalfields, and ports were also dug. For example, Liverpool and Manchester were linked by canals, promoting the textile industry in the early nineteenth century. By this time, the military production also pro moted the innovation and development of machine tools. For example, at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, a machine tool trainer known as Henry Maudslay trained tool makers in developing wooden machines used in boring cannons. He also developed and produced metal locks and later improved on the slide rest lathe that was used to cut machine screws. In conclusion, technological improvements and scientific innovations contributed towards the progression of agriculture, trade, shipping, economic expansion, and industry.
Saturday, February 1, 2020
Simon Schama's Jacques-Louis David and Delacroix's Coursework
Simon Schama's Jacques-Louis David and Delacroix's "Liberty Leading the People" - Coursework Example The presenter pointed out that in the later historical events political and social life in France really resembled one in Ancient Rome so life really caught up with art of Jacques-Louis David. The second video clip presented the viewers with interesting facts about Delacroixââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Liberty Leading the Peopleâ⬠. It was pointed out that this picture is not only valuable from aesthetic point of view, but is historically important as well. There are numerous symbols that are depicted in the painting such as the allegorical figure of the liberty, the intense violence that happened on the streets. Some details are too small to be recognized at once. For example, one of the people who are killed is in his night gown, suggesting that the government oppressed the opposition in order to make sure that people will not riot, this way reinforcing the
Thursday, January 23, 2020
Overview over Religion :: essays research papers
Overview of Religion In this tutorial, you will learn about the religious experience in general and some of its variations around the world. The focus will be on the types of religious beliefs and religious leaders, especially in small-scale societies. An exploration of Christianity, Judaism, Islam, or any other major religion is beyond the scope of this tutorial. The approach taken is that of cultural relativity--religious practices or beliefs are not evaluated in terms of their "correctness" or "sophistication" but, rather, in terms of their function within the societies that maintain them. What is Religion? A religion is a system of beliefs usually involving the worship of supernatural forces or beings. Religious beliefs provide shape and meaning to one's perception of the universe. In other words, they provide a sense of order in what might otherwise be seen as a chaotic existence. Religions also provide understanding and meaning for inexplicable events such as a loved one being killed in an earthquake or some other unpredictable force of nature. For most religious people, their beliefs about the supernatural are at the very core of their world views. Importance of Rituals Symbolic objects used in Christian rituals The performance of rituals is an integral part of all religions. Rituals are stylized and usually repetitive acts that take place at a set time and location. They almost always involve the use of symbolic objects, words, and actions. For example, going to church on Sunday is a common religious ritual for Christians around the world. It usually requires the wearing of somewhat different clothing and interacting with others in a particular manner in a sacred location. At the heart of this experience is a sequence of traditional ritual acts that symbolically represent aspects of the life, teachings, and death of Jesus. Maya Temple in Guatemala built on a high pyramid base to make it a sacred location Most religious rituals are performed in special places and under special conditions, such as in a dedicated temple or at a sacred spot. This is an intentional separation between the secular and the sacred. By being removed from the ordinary world, the sacred acts are enhanced for the believers--the separation makes the rituals more effective. Only allowing initiated people to participate in religious rituals also can have the same effect. Religious ritual reinforces the basic tenets of religion. For instance, the "partaking of the host" in the Catholic mass is a symbolic participation in the "last supper" of Jesus and, by extension, an affirmation of the acceptance of his teachings.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Critical Appriciation of the Two Minuets Hate in 1984
Write a critical appreciation of pages 16-18 ââ¬Å"in its secondâ⬠¦ uttering a prayerâ⬠. How does the two minutes hate contribute to your understanding of the nightmare world in which Winston lives? The two minutes hate is almost a celebration of a cult, a sort of gathering of religious fanatics to honour their ruler, Big Brother. Orwell uses it to show the expressions of anarchy amongst the ââ¬Ëleaping and shouting' people and how this would be their only chance to express their human feelings in the nightmare society in which they are forced to live. Winston's dystopian world is displayed in Orwell's unsympathetic parody of the two minutes silence in commemoration of WWII and epitomises the ââ¬Ëfrenzy' of emotions, the terror and violent culture that Winston has to tolerate. His elaborate view of religious or political fanatics scrutinises these kinds of obsessions and demonstrates how it can over-power a person's life. Control is one of the main components of the two minutes hate. The people are helpless, they are ââ¬Ëlike that of a landed fish' in the robotic machine that is Big Brother. They cannot escape from ââ¬Ëthe voice' that ââ¬Ëcontinued inexorably' and there is no escapism to be had in the ââ¬Ëfrenzy' of voices yelling at the screen. This reflects a nightmare that is inescapable until we awake. Winston longs to awaken in a society capable of love, without suffering, but it seems he knows that can never arise. The world for Winston is a steady destruction of all good virtues and basic human rights that they are so cruelly being denied, which is shown so clearly through this extract. Winston finds it ââ¬Ëimpossible to avoid joining in'. This reflects the lack of control he has in all elements of his nightmarish life. The sheer violence of the episode overwhelms Winston's mentality and creates an isolation of his mind to the rest of the ââ¬Ësheep' and is inescapable. He has the power to rebel, although he submits to a ââ¬Ëhideous ecstasy of fear and vindictiveness, a desire to kill, to torture, to smash faces in with a sledge hammer'. This juxtaposition of hideousness and ecstasy shows Winston's abhorrence is all towards the party and Big Brother instead of the loathed Goldstein. In Winston's conscious mind he changes into a ââ¬Ëgrimacing, screaming lunatic' and is capable of switching his hate ââ¬Ëfrom one object to another'. These images are distinctive of a dystopian novel and relates to the time of obsession and paranoia that was experienced during World War II, when the novel was written. Winston's hate develops into an ââ¬Ëinescapable' sexual lust for ââ¬Ëthe black haired girl'. He describes his desire to ââ¬Ëflog her to death' and how it would be a ââ¬Ëbeautiful' sight. This contradiction is Winston's flicker of rebellion against the ââ¬Ësinister enchanter' that is Big Brother. This introduces the theme of love versus hate, which is explored throughout the rest of the novel. The pointlessness of the hate strikes Winston as we see Winston's weakness; he has a perplexed mind that cannot comprehend the point to the rage inflicted upon Goldstein. The fickleness of the Party members distresses Winston ââ¬Ëthe sandy haired woman shouting what sounded like ââ¬Å"my Saviourâ⬠ââ¬Ë as he seems to realise the stupidity of the ââ¬Ëfrenzy'. Orwell contradicts the whole of the Party's endeavour to create a ââ¬Ëperfect' world and stamp out all feelings, as ââ¬Ëhis heart went out to the lonely, derided, heretic on the screen'. Winston is conveying how he is himself a ââ¬Ëheretic' and rebelling against the beloved Big Brother which we see later in the novel also as Winston recognizes his rebellious potential. This shows his refusal of living ââ¬Ëin a world of lies'. This ââ¬Ëworld' epitomises the depression of Winston's nightmare and the society he exists in and at this point, Winston becomes ââ¬Ëat one with the people about him', his mind is distorted ââ¬Ëand all that was said of Goldstein seemed to him to be true'. Winston's seemingly only flaw it that subconsciously he switches his thoughts from one side to another and it is only ââ¬Ëthe black haired girl' who lays bare his real personality and sets him straight. The two minutes hate represents Orwell's character and his novel as a whole as we see his hate for the outward expression of human feelings and his ultimate desire for control. We find his detestation of religious extremists on course throughout the novel, which replicates its dark and dystopian themes. He has channelled his hate in to his work and through what may indeed be a representation of the author himself, Winston's Character. Every element of hope is lost for Winston during the two minutes hate. This raises our understanding of an embodiment of a nightmare world that hopelessly celebrates a religious cult and its inescapable anarchy, which will ultimately have its revenge on Winston's mutinous mind.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
The City Of The Ancient City - 849 Words
As I walk the grounds of the ancient city to the beautiful sounds of birds chirping and the sun shimmering, I observe the ruins that were left behind from the inevitably of decay as hundreds of years passed and am immediately filled with astonishment by the aspects of the ancient city, allowing for my imagination to visualize the past: the gigantic Theater and Stadium with a roaring audience, the all-mighty Acropolis standing strong, the north and south agora consisting of merchants meanwhile business deals arise in the Civil Basilica, the spacious baths full of chitchat and laughter, the conflicted Bouleuterion (council house), the gracious temple of Aphrodite and Basilica church, the holy Bishopââ¬â¢s palace, the studious Sculptorââ¬â¢s academy, the aesthetically pleasing monumental gate (Tetraplyon), and keenly sculpted statues of Aeneasââ¬â¢ flight from Troy and emperor Claudius. By examining the social, cultural, political, economic, artistic, and religious aspects of t he ancient city, the ancient city will unravel the values of the inhabitant and the influences from complex societies and arraying the role it plays in significant historical events during the 5th century B.C.E. to 5th century C.E of Ancient Rome. The foundation of Ancient Rome is marked by the statue of Aeneasââ¬â¢ flight from Troy and the statue of the emperor Claudius. The statues unravel that the inhabitants valued strong leaders such as Aeneas and Claudius. The statue of Aeneasââ¬â¢s flight from Troy is an illustrationShow MoreRelatedModern City And City Of Ancient China801 Words à |à 4 PagesIn 2008, my whole family has moved to Hangzhou, the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province, in Eastern China. Hangzhou is a mix of Garden City and Modern City. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou was the capital city of Ancient China. The long, rich history and cultural connotation make Hang prominent, as well as a necessary terminus of the Grand Canal. Nowadays, Hangzho u keeps its rich historical elements, also developments with modernization construction. Back to my home descriptionRead MoreThe City Of Ancient Greece1223 Words à |à 5 PagesThe city-states of ancient Greece were at constant strife with each other. They utterly detested each other and were solely independent. However, many factors unified the Greeks, loosely, at all times, and they even brought the Greeks together at times. These factors came to be because of their similarities of traditions and beliefs. Language, religion, and athletics were all results of these factors. Language unified because everyone would understand what was being said by anyone, and athleticsRead MoreThe City Of Ancient Rome1835 Words à |à 8 PagesThe city of Ancient Rome was a major center for the regional and international trade of goods. Rome was colonized in the 8th century BC that expanded and soon became one of the largest empires during the time and is still one of the most famous cities in the world. In the beginning, the empire was only a small town located on the Timber River, whi ch was used for trade. Over time, the city expanded over most of the territory around the Mediterranean Sea and was made up of more than one million peopleRead MoreThe Ancient City Of Palmyra2207 Words à |à 9 PagesINTRODUCTION The ancient city of Palmyra in Syria has had a turbulent history. Due to its proximity to water, the city of Palmyra became an oasis. It was a stopping point for caravans trekking through the Syrian Desert. With lush green land, it was a destination for many. Within the city, the Temple of Bel was erected honoring the god Bel, the Babylonian ââ¬ËLord of the Heavensââ¬â¢. Since religion played such an integral part of Palmyrenes society, I quest to find out: what was the role of the Temple ofRead MoreAncient Greek And Ancient Roman Cities876 Words à |à 4 Pagessimilarities between Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman cities, mainly because Roman cities were highly influenced by the Greek. Roman culture reflects the Greekââ¬â¢s culture, their mythologies are closely related and so are the characteristics of the architecture. From one grew the forms of the other and the result created were two beautiful cities with massive amounts of history. This paper will go over the three mai n areas in which Greeks influenced the Romans the most. The first being, the cities and their layoutRead MoreAncient City Of Ur Report934 Words à |à 4 PagesANCIENT CITY OF UR REPORT ANCIENT HISTORY REPORT BY DYLAN NAGLE Yr. 11 The ancient Sumerian city of Ur was a southern Mesopotamian city located in what is now modern day Iraq. The city of Ur was established in approximately 3800BC, being inhabited until 450BC. In its prominent state Ur was a city of large scope, size and opulence. That and its position on the Persian Gulf allowed trade with countries as far away as India, bringing the city a vast amount of wealth. In 1922CE Ur becameRead MoreThe Tower Of The Ancient City Jericho870 Words à |à 4 PagesOne of the oldest structures in architectural history, there is no definitive answer of when the first set of stairs was created. However some historians have made claim that some of the oldest surviving staircaseââ¬â¢s are found in the ruins of the ancient city Jericho, suggesting that the birth of stairs may have been as early as 7,000 years ago. Stairs have throughout the history of humanity played an integral role in civilisation, and continue to do so today. Some of the first examples of the mostRead MoreAncient Greek City States ( Polies )1112 Words à |à 5 PagesIn this essay two Ancient Greek city states (polies) will be compared and contrasted showing how despite their differences, they both rose to become predominating powers. Ancient Greece consisted of many small city-states, two of which were Athens and Sparta. Athens was considered the center of fine arts, music, and educational opportunities. Sparta was known for its outstanding military strength and tactical abilities at war. Life for a Spartiate was comprised of constant training and conditioningRead MoreAncient Inca City Of Machu Picchu905 Words à |à 4 PagesAn ancient stone city hidden away in the massive Andes Mountains. A city that hold countless secrets and endless beauty. This is the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu. Machu Picchu is a very popular tourist attraction, but many tourists do not know its true signifigance.This ââ¬Å"city in the cloudsâ⬠is of high importance because it not only is considered an archeological wonder but it is also very important to nature and has much historical and cultural signifigance. Huge stones make up Machu PicchuRead MoreEvidence for Urbanization of Ancient Cities Essays1561 Words à |à 7 Pagesurbanization of any ancient city has the best advantage of being seen through our modern day eyes. Looking at the evidence recovered from various sites definitely poses some problems for scholars in trying to place it in the context of the time-line of that city; yet these scholars have the knowledge of the end result of our modern-day societies. Archaeologists and classics scholars know historical trends of human socialization and urbanization for hundreds of years in societies unrelated to ancient ones. Despite
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)